Terms Used and their Meaning
From DetailingWiki
Terms used and there Meanings:
A millimetre is equal to 1/1000 of an inch which can also be represented as 0.001 inches or 0.0254mm (mm = millimetre).
A micron is equal to 1/1,000 of a mm or 1/25,000 inch or 0.00004 inches.
There's about 25 microns to one mill (0.001 inch)
Adherence [: Steady or faithful attachment]
Adsorbent [: Usually a solid substance that adsorbs another substance]
Absorbent [: Able to absorb (as absorbent as a sponge)]
Amino functional [: attach themselves to a surface via a physical bond
Anhydrous [: an anhydrous material does not contain any water (H2O) molecules.
Aerobic cure [: exposure to air]
Alphatic hydrocarbons [: alkanes - trade name – Paint Thinner]
Anionic surfactant [: a molecule that consists of a hydrophobic hydrocarbon and a hydrophobic ion forming a structure called a micelle]
Bonds- all bonds (except for James) arise from the attraction of unlike charges according to Coulomb's law; however, depending on the atoms involved, this force manifests itself in quite different ways.
The principal types of chemical bond are; Ionic, Covalent (molecular), Metallic, and Hydrogen bonds. Two non-metal atoms usually form a covalent bond; a metal and a non-metal atom usually form ionic bond
Catalyst [: a substance serving as the agent in catalysis. [The speeding up or, sometimes slowing down of a chemical reaction by adding a substance which itself is not changed]
Chelators [: control the concentration or effect of metal ions] (see also sequester)
Colloid: [atoms in the colloid lift separate and hold in suspension]
Cross-linking [: is the attachment of two chains of polymer molecules by bridges, composed of either an element, a group, or a compound, that join certain carbon atoms of the chains by primary chemical bonds
Cationic [: characterized by an active and especially surface-active cation <a cationic polymer resin>
Copolymer [: a polymer derived from two (or more) monomeric species, as opposed to a homopolymer where only one monomer is used]
Durability [: able to exist for a long time without significant deterioration]
Dwell [: Time required for chemicals to react]
Etching -requires heat, moisture, an oxidizer and an acid]
Evaporate [: to change (a liquid or solid) into vapour]
Emulsification [: the process by which emulsions are prepared.
Emulsion [: is colloidal system in which the dispersed and continuous phases are both liquids (e.g. oil in water or water in oil). Such systems require an emulsifying agent to stabilize the dispersed particles.]
Hydrophilic [: having a strong tendency to bind or absorb water, which results in swelling and formation of reversible gels.
Hydrophobic [: antagonistic to water, incapable of dissolving in water]
Hygroscopic [: readily taking up and retaining moisture]
Hydrolysis [: a chemical reaction or process in which a chemical compound reacts with water]
Hydration reaction [:increasing the acidity of the solution] i.e. dilution causes the pH to decrease
Isocyanate [: a functional group of atoms –N=C=O (1 nitrogen, 1 carbon, 1 oxygen)
Isocyanate [: is a chemical that's found in most hardeners/activators] ( polyurethane clear coat)
Layer [: one thickness, course, or fold laid or lying over or under another]
Molecule [: the smallest particle of a substance that retains all the properties of the substance and is composed of one or more atoms]
Covalent [: a chemical bond formed between atoms by the sharing of electrons]
Miscible [: capable of being mixed]
Micelle [: an electrically charged colloidal particle, usually organic in nature, composed of aggregates of large molecules, e.g., in soaps and surfactants. For aqueous solutions, the hydrophilic end of the molecule is on the surface of the micelle, while the hydrophobic end (often a hydrocarbon chain) points toward the centre.
Melting point (or freezing point) [: is the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are in equilibrium at a specified pressure (normally taken to be atmospheric unless stated otherwise]
Nanotechnology [: thin films, fine particles, chemical synthesis, advanced micro lithography]
Paint film [: a term used to describe a paint-build on a surface]
Paint flash time [: Flash refers to the waiting period it takes the solvents to evaporate from the paint before applying another coat.
Polymers [: a chemical compound with many repeating structural units]
Reflectance [: To prevent passage of and cause to change direction, as in’ a mirror reflects light’]
Reactivity [acceleration of a chemical reaction by a catalyst]
Re-hydration [: the replenishment of water and electrolytes lost through dehydration]
Phase change [: when a substance changes from solid to liquid it stays at the same temperature but absorbs or gives up heat.
pH [: potential of hydrogen]
Polyethylene; a thermoplastic [: a polymer consisting of long chains of the monomer ethylene] (Polythene UK)
Precursor [: (chemistry), a compound that participates in the chemical reaction that produces another compound]
Reflectance [: prevent passage of and cause to change direction, as in’ a mirror reflects light’]
Reactivity [acceleration of a chemical reaction by a catalyst]
Soluble [: capable of being dissolved or liquefied]
Sinter [: cause to become a coherent mass by heating without melting]
Sequester [: to hold (as a metallic ion) in solution usually by inclusion in an appropriate coordination complex]
Surfactant [: Defined as a material that can greatly reduce the surface tension of water when used in very low concentrations] the term surfactant is a blend of "Surface active agent".]
Surface tension [: derived from force or energy considerations is that at equilibrium a fluid forms a set angle, V with any solid surface touching the fluid.
Surface marring [: to inflict damage, especially disfiguring damage; a blemish.
Saponifiers [: to hydrolyse (a fat) with alkali to form a soap]
Solvent [: fluid phase (liquid, gas, or plasma) that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution. The most common solvent in everyday life is water]
Synergistic compatibility [: each step building upon the results achieved by the previous product/ process]
Van der Waals forces: [temporary fluctuating dipole and dipole-dipole interactions causing attractions between individual molecules]
Silicones [: are polymeric or algometric siloxanes, usually considered un-branched]
Siloxanes [: are saturated silicon-oxygen hydrides with un-branched or branched chains of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms (-Si-O-Si-)]
Urethane or polyurethanes [: are produced by a reaction with liquid isocyanate with a liquid blend of polyols, catalyst, and other additives. These two components are referred to as a polyurethane system]
Information resource: Glossary of chemical terms Faculty of Chemical Technology, Wikipedia Dictionary
